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Chinese Words12-[XMandarin Chinese Course]

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安心 / 放心

Both verbs are used to indicate a frame of mind being at ease. Whereas 安心stresses serenity as a result of a feeing of safety and security, 放心generally indicates peace of mind because there is no cause for worry or anxiety, so 他不安心公司的工作(tā bù ān xīn gōng sī de gōng zuò)(He is absent-minded with his work at the company) would express the idea that he is not happy or his mind is not at ease with his job at the present company because of various reasons, implying his possible departure, whereas 他不放心公司的工作( tā bù fàng xīn gōng sī de gōng zuò)(He is worried about the work at the company), on the contrary, would show that he is worried about the current work at the company lest problems occur, indicating his serious attitude towards his work. As another example, 工作没做完，我怎么能安心呢?(gōng zuò méi zuò wán, wǒ zěn me néng ān xīn ne)(With the job unfinished, how could I set my mind at ease?)stresses “my” anxiety about the possibility that we might not be able to finish the job on time or about other external concerns, whereas 工作没做完，我怎么能放心呢?( gōng zuò méi zuò wán, wǒ zěn me néng fàng xīn ne?)(With the job unfinished, how could I feel relieved?) has more to do with “my” concern that there might be some specific problems with our work itself. In general, the objects of 安心are things only, while those of 放心can be either people or things.

这两个动词都表示心情安定、闲适。“安心”着重于因觉得安全、保险而带来的心情宁静，而“放心”则一般表示因为无忧无虑，无牵挂而使心情安定。所以，“他不安心公司的工作”表示的是他不满意他在公司的工作或因为各种原因不能够安心在公司工作，因此有可能要离开。而“他不放心公司的工作”则正好相反，表示他牵挂在公司所做的事，怕出问题，表达了他对工作认真的态度。另一例，“工作没做完，我怎么能安心呢?”侧重表达“我”对工作可能不能按时完成的担心或对一些工作本身之外的担忧，而“工作没做完，我怎么能放心呢?”则更多地是表示对工作本身可能会出现的一些具体的问题的担心。一般来说，“安心”所带的宾语只能是事物，而“放心”的宾语则可以是事物，也可以是人。

·每次爸爸来信都叫我安心学习，不要想家。

(Every time dad wrote to me, he would ask me to keep my mind on my studies and do not get homesick .)

·她总是不放心她的孩子，每天自己送他上学。

She is always worried about her child, everyday she will take him to school herself.)

In terms of usage, the affirmative and negative forms of both 安心and 放心can also be 安下心来，安不下心来and 放下心来，放不下心or 放心不下respectively. Different from 安心，however, 放心can take as its object a noun phrase or a clause only in a negative or interrogative sentence, and not in an affirmative sentence. So, one can say我不放心他的身体(wǒ bù fàng xīn tā de shēn tǐ)(I worry about his health)or 你放心他的身体吗?(nǐ fàng xīn tā de shēn tǐ ma?)(Can you rest at ease with his health?)but not *我放心他的身体(wǒ fàng xīn tā de shēn tǐ)(I don’t worry about his health). On the other hand, 安心is often used to modify a verb, and 放心is less often used in this way.

在用法上，“安心”和“放心”的肯定和否定式亦可分别为“安下心来”，“安不下心来”，“放下心来”及“放不下心”或“放心不下”。与“安心”不同的是，“放心”可以名词性词组或从句作为其宾语，但是只能用于否定句或疑问句中，而不能用于肯定句。因此，可以说“我不放心他的身体”或“你放心他的身体吗?”但不可以说“*我放心他的身体”。另一方面，“安心”常用于修饰动词，而“放心则较少用于修饰动词。

·这么小的孩子，你放心她一个人去吗?

zhè me xiǎo de hái zi, nǐ fàng xīn tā yī gè rén qù ma.

(Since she is such a small child, will you let her go alone without any worries?)

·有了妻子的帮助，他就可以安下心来写书了。

yǒu le qī zǐ de bāng zhù, tā jiù kě yǐ ān xià xīn lái xiě shū le.

(With his wife’s help, he can set his mind to writing his book .)

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