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Xi'an
Xi’an ,the capital of Shaanxi Province ,is the hub of communications between East an
West China and an important city in Northwest China . Xi’an was originally named
Chang’an ,and was one of the seven famous ancient cities in China .Throughout
history ,there ere 11 dynasties that made in their capital ,with a total of over 70
emperors living there .Xi’an has a history of over 3,000 years ,and it joins Rome,
Athens and Cairo as the “four great ancient cities in the world ” It is a famous
historical and cultural city in China . There are many scenic spots and historical
sites ,such as the Qinshihuang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum ,Big
Wild Goose Pagoda ,Xi’an Forest of Steles ,Banpo Museum of Neolithic Relics
and the Pool of Glorious Purity .
The Qinshihuang Mausoleum and Terracotta Warriors and Horses ,situated in
Lintong County of Shaanxi Province , is the largest imperial mausoleum museum
in the world and is often called “the eighth wonder in the world “UNESCO lists it as
one of the world cultural heritage sites .Work began on the Qinshihuang Mausoleum
when the emperor ascended to the throne at the age of 13 .It took over 700,000
laborers 36 years to finish the pyramid-like building ,which is 515m long ,55.05m
wide and 79m high . At a point some 1,500m to the east of the Qinshihuang Mausoleum
there are three pits containing terracotta warriors and horses ,among which “the
Number One Pit” is the biggest ,230m long from east to west ,62m wide from south to
north and five meters deep .Displayed in it are thousands of life-size terracotta warriors
and horses ,including foot ,horse and chariot soldiers . Their weapons still gleam though
they have been buried for more than 2,000 years.
When Big Wild Goose Pagoda was first built ,it had five storeys .When Wu Zetian
(624-705AD ,the only empress in Chinese history who ruled China from 690TO 705AD
under the dynastic title of Zhou ,which reverted to Tang upon her abdication )ascended
to the throne ,it was expanded to 10 storeys Subsequently ,it was devastated by wars
and fires ,and is now only seven storeys ,and a height of 64m , It is one of the key culture
relics under State protection .
Small Wild Goose Pagoda originally had 15 floors ,but later ,because of frequent
earthquakes ,the top two floors collapsed leaving the 13 still extant , As it is smaller than
the Big Wild Goose Pagoda . In the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644AD),an earthquake struck
Chang’an and a crack over 30cm wide appeared in the pagoda ,only to be closed by
another earthquake later .This same thing occurred two more times over the ensuing
centuries ,but the pagoda remains unscathed ,which is a miracle .
The Pool of Glorious Purity is an old famous hot spring whose temperature is about
43°C . It contains various chemical elements , which has an effect of medical treatment
and health care .
Banpo Ruins is the largest and most complete matrilineal commune of the primitive
society in the drainage area of the Yellow River .
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